ورق روغنی یکی از مهمترین مواد اولیه در صنایع مختلفی از جمله صنعت خودروسازی، تجهیزات برقی و الکترونیکی، صنایع بسته‌بندی و ساختمانی است. در این مقاله به بررسی مفهوم ورق روغنی، فرایند تولید آن، ویژگی‌ها و کاربردهای آن پرداخته خواهد شد.
تعریف ورق روغنی:
ورق روغنی به معنی ورقی از فولاد کربنی با ضخامت بین 0.2 تا 3.2 میلیمتر می‌باشد که پس از عملیات ورق‌گیری، به وسیله روش‌های مختلف روغنی شده است. این ورق‌ها عموماً با استفاده از روغن‌های معدنی یا روغن‌های پایه مصنوعی پوشش داده می‌شوند تا در برابر خوردگی و زنگ زدگی محافظت شوند.
فرایند تولید ورق روغنی:
ورق روغنی به دو روش تولید می‌شود: روش سرد (cold-rolled) و روش گرم (hot-rolled). در روش سرد، ورق فولادی به صورتی که قبلاً با روش گرم ورق‌گیری شده، تحت فشار قرار گرفته و به ضخامت مورد نیاز تمام شده و پس از آن به روش روغنی شده و در نهایت به شکل ورق روغنی به بازار عرضه می‌شوند. در روش گرم، فولاد به صورت گرم به ضخامت مورد نیاز ورق‌گیری می‌شود و سپس به روش روغنی شده و به شکل ورق روغنی آماده می‌شود.
در روش روغنی کردن، ورق فولادی به صورتی که پیش از آن با استفاده از روش گرم یا سرد ورق‌گیری شده است، به یک حوضچه حاوی روغن معدنی یا پایه مصنوعی حمل می‌شود. سپس ورق درون روغن قرار گرفته و با استفاده از مکانیزم‌های مختلفی مانند برس‌ها و رول‌ها، روغن به طور یکنواخت به سطح ورق پوشیده می‌شود. این روش باعث می‌شود که ورق تمیز شود و در برابر خوردگی و زنگ زدگی محافظت شود.
ویژگی‌های ورق روغنی:
ورق روغنی به دلیل ویژگی‌های خود مانند مقاومت بالا در برابر خوردگی و زنگ زدگی، قابلیت شکل‌دهی، مقاومتبالا در برابر ضربه و سختی، در صنایع مختلف مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد. همچنین، روغن‌های استفاده شده در فرایند روغنی کردن ورق، از نوعی روغن باختری یا پایه‌های مصنوعی هستند که حاوی عوامل پایداری حرارتی، پایداری اکسیداسیون و خواص ضد خوردگی هستند. به علاوه، ورق روغنی دارای ضخامت یکنواخت و سطحی صاف و خشک است که این ویژگی‌ها باعث می‌شود که در فرآیندهای بعدی مانند انجام عملیات جوشکاری، برش و خم‌شدگی، به راحتی قابل اجرا باشد.
سایت جهان نیوز درباره تفاوت های ورق روغنی و سیاه میگوید
اولین و مهم ترین تفاوت دو ورق سیاه و گالوانیزه در نحوه تولید آن ها می باشد. در واقع فولاد گالوانیزه یک محصول ثانوی است که به صورت غیر مستقیم از ورق سیاه تولید می شود.
با این وجود پایه هر دو محصول از فولاد می باشد و بیشترین تفاوت آن ها در نحوه تولید، کاربرد، ویژگی ها، خواص، بررسی کیفیت، شکل ظاهری، ابعاد و زیر مجموعه ها می باشد.
ورق سیاه از طریق فرآیند نورد گرم تولید می شود؛ در صورتی که فولاد گالوانیزه به وسیله فرآیند نورد سرد و پوشش دهی ورق های روغنی به وسیله پوشش روی به دست می آید.
کاربردهای ورق روغنی:
ورق روغنی در صنایع مختلف استفاده می‌شود. در صنایع خودروسازی، از ورق روغنی برای تولید بدنه خودرو و قطعات داخلی مانند پوسته داخلی درب، پنجره و سقف استفاده می‌شود. در صنایع تجهیزات برقی و الکترونیکی، از ورق روغنی برای تولید قطعاتی مانند چراغ‌های تابلو و کنترلرهای صنعتی استفاده می‌شود. همچنین، در صنایع بسته‌بندی، ورق روغنی برای تولید بسته‌بندی های مقاوم در برابر رطوبت و خوردگی استفاده می‌شود. در صنایع ساختمانی نیز، ورق روغنی برای تولید سقف، درب و پنجره مورد استفاده قرار می‌گیرد.
سایت اراد برندنیگ درباره ورق روغنی مینویسد
Hot-rolled pickled and oiled steel is steel that has been oiled to prevent corrosion and descaled of an oxide coating. This feature is one of the important properties of this sheet. Hot rolled steel is descaled in a hydrochloric acid bath during the pickling procedure. The scale-free surface enhances the quality of the finished item and reduces manufacturing and businesses' costs in the processes of bending, stamping, shaping, and painting. Hot rolled steel that has undergone the pickling and oiling process is more resistant to rust, has better formability, and has a cleaner surface for painting.pickled and oiled steelA panel or sheet of steel that has been made from a single unit of steel that is reasonably flat is referred to as a steel sheet. Steel sheets, which are made from an alloy of iron and tin, can either be purchased flat or coiled depending on the user's preference. Simple tin snips or steel shears can be used to cut the sheets to the desired dimensions, although this will depend on the thickness of the steel. A metal brake is used to bend them, and then they are shaped into a wide variety of different kinds of components. The gauge is a measurement that is used to determine the thickness of a steel sheet. If the gauge has a higher value, the material will have a thinner thickness; conversely, if the gauge has a lower value, the steel will have a thicker consistency and greater strength. The typical thickness range for steel sheets is between 8 and 30 gauge; however, goods with thinner or thicker gauges may be available for use in certain contexts.There are ways to keep steel from rusting
pickled and oiled steel
Steel pickled refers to the process of removing contaminants, rust, and scale from a material's surface. Additionally, oiled steel possesses each and every one of these qualities. An oxide layer, often known as "scale" due to its scaly appearance, forms on the surface of the metal during hot working methods. This layer is referred to as "scale." Steel that was previously hot-rolled goes through a pickling line before going through the majority of the procedures that involve cold rolling. This is done to remove surface scale and make the steel easier to operate. The damaged metal layer needs to be removed so that a surface of fully alloyed stainless steel can be exposed. This will allow the optimal level of corrosion resistance to be restored. ACID USED IN STEEL PICKLING: Hydrochloric Advantages:
Reduce heating expenses because pickling solutions are used at room temperature.
More comprehensive scale removal
less hydrogen penetrating by diffusion
Less iron salt deposition on the pickled surface
hrpo steel propertiesDisadvantages:
when heated above ambient temperature, emissions are produced
The cost of acid recovery systems is high.
More destructive to equipment
Magnesium More expensive disposal than sulfuric acid
Sulfuric Advantages:
Acid can be replenished more often
Increasing warmth will permit lesser acid concentrations to successfully pickle
Recovering iron sulfate is simple.
Controlling the rate of pickling by adjusting the temperature
Disadvantages:
A stronger acid attack on a base metal.
Enhanced hydrogen diffusion within steel
Pickled residues are more tenacious.
Heating acid solutions is required.
hrpo steel hrpo steel is hot-rolled steel that has been pickled with an acid solution to remove impurities and other undesired materials such as stains and rust caused by exposure to oxygen on the surface of the steel. Scaling is the process of removing impurities from steel by dipping it into tanks of hydrochloric acid. After the steel has been cleaned with acid and dried, a thin layer of oil is applied to prevent corrosion. Pickling and oiling the steel makes it more durable, malleable, and paintable.difference between hr and hrpo steel
There are ways to keep steel from rusting
There are strategies that can be utilized to prevent corrosion from taking place in steel. For example, the presence of chromium in steel reduces the likelihood that the material would rust. Chromium, iron, and carbon are the three main components of stainless steel, which differentiates it from other types of steel. The majority of stainless steel contains approximately 11 percent chromium in its composition. The steel does not have a uniform distribution of chromium throughout. Instead, it is layered on top of the iron and the carbon that is already there. Due to the presence of this chromium layer, the iron that is behind it is largely shielded from the oxygen that is present in the air, which prevents the iron from rusting.hrpo steel gradesGalvanizing steel is yet another method that can be utilized to prevent the steel from rusting. Because of an additional coating of zinc, galvanized steel can be distinguished from standard steel in a number of ways. In the same way that stainless steel does, this material also possesses a protective coating on its surface. Galvanized steel, on the other hand, is coated with zinc rather than chromium in order to protect it against corrosion. Zinc performs a function similar to that of chromium in that it prevents oxygen and corrosion from reaching the iron beneath it. hrpo sheet The remarkable resistance to corrosion offered by hrpo steel sheet sets this variety of steel apart from others in its class. There are six main types of sheet metal materials, each with its own unique advantages:
Alloy steel
Stainless steel
Carbon steel
Tool steel
Galvanized steel
Aluminum
Hot-rolled steel is the basic form of carbon steel. However, scale that remains on hot-rolled steel after it has been worked is undesirable in many manufacturing applications and processes. Since hot-rolled steel contracts slightly during the cooling phase, there is less control over its final shape. For this reason, it is commonly used in applications that do not require very tight tolerances, such as: Agricultural machinery Auto parts (such as tires and rims) Building materials (for example, I-beams) Railway equipment (eg railway components and railway wagons) Cold-rolled steel is hot-rolled steel that has undergone additional processing to improve its dimensional and mechanical properties. In the cold rolling process, cooled hot-rolled steel is passed through another series of rolls at room temperature. Since the material is no longer hot and malleable, more pressure is required to compress it into the desired shape. Although this process can be more labor intensive and expensive than hot rolling, it can achieve tighter dimensional tolerances and better surface properties.
hrpo steel properties
The properties that is of most importance in the steel hrpo steel is corrosion resistance. Steel that has been hot rolled, pickled, and oiled finds application in a variety of contexts. Projects that call for a presentation structure that is more functional might benefit from the Hot Rolled Pickled and Oiled Steel products that are supplied by Impact Steel. These materials have an exceptional degree of workability. Steel that has been hot-rolled, pickled, and oiled works very well for welding finishing and reinforcements. Our Hot Rolled Pickled and Oiled product range gives our customers the flexibility to choose the steels that are the most suitable for meeting the particular design criteria that they have in mind. Typical applications include the following:
Sections of the structure
Tanks
pillars of light
Gas cylinders
Racking
Shelving
Guardrails
Tubing
Straightforward pressings
Hidden appliance panels
Pickling is a process that cleans and removes impurities and other unwelcome elements from metal. Impurities such as stains and rust are two examples of these, but the list is not exhaustive. In order to clean the surface of the steel and remove these impurities, the metal is treated with an acidic solution before the processing begins. Pickle liquor is the term that most frequently refers to the acidic solution that is used as a "dip" in the business world. Cutting and punching are two applications that make excellent use of hot-rolled, pickled and oiled steel (piercing). Steel that has been hot rolled, pickled, and oiled finds use in a diverse array of applications, ranging from straightforward bending to intricate drawing as well as structural applications that call for a particular amount of strength. Pickling has a number of benefits, one of which is that it can help reduce the need for any pre-treatment step.
difference between hr and hrpo steel
There are differences between the resistance to rust and corrosion of steel sheet types hr and hrpo. Hot Rolled (HR) Coils are high-quality steel coils used in industrial applications. Hot rolled coils are made by rolling steel at temperatures higher than the steel's natural recrystallization temperature. Because they are produced at such high temperatures, hot rolled steel coils are more malleable in terms of shape and form than cold rolledsheets. Hot rolled steel coils have a scaly grey finish, as well as rounder and less defined corners. They are used in milling, metalworking, and other industries where exceedingly exact dimensions are not required HR Plate is made from high-quality rolling slabs through a specialized hot rolling process at high temperatures. The hot rolling process is carried out at temperatures higher than the raw material's usual recrystallization temperature (steel). Hot rolled sheets are more formable and can be cut into any shape or size. They are employed in various industries, including automobiles, construction, transportation, and many more. Hot Rolled (HR) Steel Sheets are industrial-grade steel sheets that are flat and have a rectangular cross-section. These sheets are produced using the hot rolling process. Steel slabs or billets are fed into rolling mills, which raises the temperature to create these products. They are a key source of raw material in the manufacturing and infrastructure industries because of the special mechanical features that they possess, as well as their quality and adaptability. Sheets that have been heat rolled have a grainy appearance and a bluish-gray gloss, just like the other products that have been hot rolled. The shaping and molding of steel into desired shapes can be facilitated by the use of hot rolling. Rolling using hot metal is not only more straightforward but also more cost-effective than rolling with cold metal. They are the go-to choice for situations that don't require precise tolerances because of this.
نتیجه‌گیری:
ورق روغنی یکی از مواد اولیه مهم در صنایع مختلف است که با استفاده از روش‌های مختلف تولید می‌شود. این ورق‌ها برای مقاومت در برابر خوردگی، زنگ زدگی، ضربه و سختی، و قابلیت شکل‌دهی، در صنایع مختلف استفاده می‌شوند. همچنین، ورق روغنی دارای ویژگی‌هایی مانند ضخامت یکنواخت، سطح صاف و خشک و مقاومت در برابر فرآیندهای مختلف مانند برش و خم‌شدگی است. در نهایت، با توجه به کاربردهای گسترده ورق روغنی در صنایع مختلف، تولید و استفاده از آن برای بهبود کیفیت و عملکرد محصولات صنعتی بسیار حائز اهمیت می‌باشد.
Steel
The numerous technical developments we've witnessed in industries like aircraft, electronics, medical, transportation, consumer electronics, and more all depend on sheet metal production. In reality, sheet metal fabrication is used in practically every industry. Methods and Supplies Used in the Fabrication of Sheet Metal Cutting, forging, rolling, bending, assembling, engineering, welding, braking, powder coating, stamping, turret, and laser automation, riveting, punching, sub-contract manufacturing, prototyping, machine design, and technical drawing are all sheet metal fabrication processes and techniques. These sheet metal production procedures have a very low tolerance for error and demand high precision from expert workers. The fabrication of sheet metal is a crucial component of manufacturing, used in anything from massive structural projects and construction machinery to complex telephones and electronics. The materials used to fabricate sheet metal range greatly. All of the attributes that are frequently sought in metals used in the manufacture of sheet metal include strength, conductivity, hardness, flexibility, and resistance to corrosion.
